Primary sacral hydatid cyst causing cutaneous fistula

Echinococcus granulosus and Echinococcus multilocularis are the causes of hydatid disease and the main characteristic is endemic. Generally, it affects the liver and lungs. Spinal hydatidosis accounts for less than 1% of the cases. Vertebral hydatidosis is usually silent and a slowly progressive disease with a long latent period. Another rare form is the primary sacral hydatid cyst. Generally, patients suffer from back pain and neural compression symptoms. A 43-year woman was admitted with left leg pain and a fluid leakage from a cutaneous fistula on the left hip. It was diagnosed on MRI as a bilateral cystic lesion which eroded the first sacral wing, extending to the paravertebral region and left intervertebral foramen. We present a case with fluid leakage from cutaneous fistula

use of magnesium sulfate in severely preeclamptic patients for emergency cesarean section

The anaesthetic management in the peripartum period of a pre-eclamptic patient is important. The anesthesiologist must perform a detailed preanesthetic assessment, including a history and physical examination. The morbidity and mortality rates are higher in severe preeclamsia. Magnesium sulfate has been successfully used in obstetrics for inhibiting premature labor and in the treatment of eclampsia-related seizures. Magnesium inhibits the release of acetylcholine in the neuromuscular junction and behaves like a neuromuscular relaxant, potentiating the effects of non-depolarizing neuromuscular blockers. We report two cases of pregnancy with severe preeclampsia, managed with magnesium sulfate, who underwent emergency caesarian section

The Relationship between Presbycusis and Mastoid Pneumatization

Presbycusis is defined as the natural hearing loss accompanying aging, caused by degenerative changes in the inner ear. The etiology of presbycusis is uncertain. However, it would appear that a complex genetic cause is most likely. The determinants of mastoid size continue to be controversial. One of the pneumatization theories is the hereditary theory. In this study, the possible relationship between presbycusis and the extent of mastoid pneumatization was investigated. This study was carried out on 21 patients with presbycusis and 21 normal subjects of similar ages. The pneumatized volume was measured by computerized tomography. The temporal bone was scanned at 2 mm thickness intervals. Exposure (kV 130, mA105). The scan plane was parallel to the orbitomeatal line and the CT images covered the entire mastoid region. The average mastoid pneumatization in presbycusis group was 6.08 +/- 2.52 cm3 in the right ear and 6.19 +/- 2.93 cm3 in the left ear. However, in the control group it was 4.69 +/- 3.17 cm3 in the right ear (p=0.12) and 5.10 +/- 3.49 cm3 in the left ear (p=0.28). No significant difference was found between the presbycusis patients and normal subjects in terms of the volume of mastoid pneumatization.